Silane, a compound of silicon and hydrogen, is a general term for a series of compounds. Silanes mainly include silane (SiH4), disilane (Si2H6), and some higher order silicon hydride compounds, with the general formula SinH2n+2. Among them, silane is the most common silane, sometimes abbreviated as silane.

Silane can be obtained through different preparation methods, such as pyrolytic silicates, halogenated silane, hydrocarbon pyrolysis, arc discharge, etc. Silane has a wide range of applications, such as producing high-purity silicon, compound semiconductor materials, ceramics, and glass. It can also be used as a gas insulation material and in the manufacture of solar cells.

Silane (SiH4) is a colorless gas that reacts with air and causes suffocation. Its synonymous name is silicon hydride. The chemical formula of silane is SiH4, with a content of up to 99.99%. At room temperature and pressure, silane is a foul smelling toxic gas. The melting point of silane is -185 ℃, and the boiling point is -112 ℃. At room temperature, silane is stable, but when heated to 400 ℃, it completely decomposes into gaseous silicon and hydrogen gas. Silane is flammable and explosive, and can undergo explosive combustion in air or halogen gases.

Silane has a wide range of applications. In addition to being the most effective way to attach silicon molecules to the surface of solar cells during production, it is also widely used in manufacturing factories such as semiconductors, flat panel displays, and coated glass. Silane is a silicon source used in the semiconductor industry for monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon epitaxial wafers, as well as chemical vapor deposition processes such as silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, and phosphosilicate glass. It is widely used in the production and research of solar cells, silicon copier drums, photoelectric sensors, optical fibers, and special glass.

Exposure to silane can cause eye irritation, inhalation of high concentrations of silane can cause headaches, nausea, irritation of mucous membranes and respiratory tract, and excessive inhalation may also lead to pneumonia and kidney disease. In addition, exposure to high concentrations of silane gas may also cause thermal burns due to spontaneous combustion. Therefore, safety measures need to be taken when using silane, such as wearing personal protective equipment such as protective clothing and respirators, as well as storing it in dedicated safe containers.

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