Any coating that uses water as a solvent or dispersion medium can be called water-based coating. Water based coatings include three types: water-soluble coatings, water dispersible coatings, and water dispersible coatings (latex coatings). Water soluble coatings are based on water-soluble resins as film-forming materials, represented by polyvinyl alcohol and various modified materials. In addition, they also include water-soluble alkyd resins, water-soluble epoxy resins, and inorganic polymer water-based resins. Compared with solvent based coatings, water-based coatings have the characteristics of low volatilization rate, high surface tension, high conductivity, corrosiveness, and easy generation of bubbles, which leads to differences in construction equipment and processes compared to solvent based coatings.

When water-based coatings are sprayed, the viscosity of the coating rapidly decreases under high shear conditions, ensuring that the coating has a good micronization effect; After the shear force is eliminated, it quickly returns to a high viscosity state, ensuring good directional effect and anti sagging performance of the metal pigment. The biggest advantage of water-based coatings compared to solvent based coatings is their low VOC emissions.

At present, the process system of "water-based intermediate coating+water-based color paint+two-component gloss varnish" is more common in Europe, which meets the standard requirements for VOC emissions in Europe.

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