Platinum catalysts, leveraging their unique chemical properties and superior catalytic performance, have become the "all-round players" in modern industrial catalysis. As catalysts with platinum as the core active component, they enhance reaction efficiency and selectivity through surface adsorption and active site synergy. In petroleum refining, platinum reforming catalysts catalyze the dehydrogenation and aromatization of straight-chain alkanes, converting C6-C8 alkanes into high-octane aromatics, a critical technology for improving gasoline quality. For instance, single platinum catalysts (0.3-0.7% platinum content) and platinum-rhenium bimetallic catalysts enable stable reforming reactions at 400-500℃ and 2.5-3.0MPa, with catalyst lifespans exceeding one year and over 95% activity recovery after regeneration.

In chemical production, platinum catalysts demonstrate remarkable versatility. In ammonia oxidation for nitric acid production, platinum-rhodium wire mesh catalysts generate nitric oxide from ammonia and oxygen at 850-900℃, which is then oxidized and absorbed by water to produce nitric acid—a process still dominant globally. Additionally, platinum-loaded alumina catalysts in low-carbon hydrocarbon aromatization and C5-C6 isomerization optimize active site distribution, boosting aromatic yields by over 20% while reducing byproducts.

Notably, platinum catalysts are expanding into new energy applications. In fuel cells, platinum-based catalysts act as the "heart," enabling efficient energy conversion through hydrogen-oxygen reactions. A single hydrogen fuel cell vehicle requires 20-35 grams of platinum, and though costly, nanostructure optimizations (e.g., zigzag ultrafine platinum nanowire catalysts) have increased overall catalytic activity by over 50-fold, paving the way for fuel cell commercialization. Moreover, in lithium-ion battery thermal conductive gels and solar photovoltaic encapsulation materials, platinum catalysts enhance thermal conductivity and stability by promoting uniform filler dispersion, supporting the energy transition.

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