In aerospace, gas-phase silicone rubber has become a core material ensuring flight safety and performance, thanks to its exceptional adaptability to extreme temperatures, strong radiation, and high-vacuum environments. Its key advantage lies in the synergistic effect of nanoscale fumed silica and silicone rubber matrices, enabling stable operation across a temperature range from -120℃ to 350℃ and withstanding radiation doses up to 1×10⁸ Gy, far surpassing traditional materials.

In rocket engine systems, gas-phase silicone rubber plays a critical role. For example, seals in liquid oxygen/kerosene engines must maintain integrity under a dramatic temperature range from -180℃ (liquid oxygen) to 300℃ (combustion chamber periphery). Traditional rubber materials are prone to thermal stress-induced cracking, whereas gas-phase silicone rubber, blended with phenyl silicone rubber and fluororubber, reduces its glass transition temperature (Tg) to -120℃ and retains 75% of its tensile strength at 300℃, extending seal lifespan to five times that of traditional materials. Additionally, its low outgassing rate (< 0.5% volume loss/24h) prevents gas release in vacuum environments (e.g., satellite fuel tanks), ensuring fuel purity.

In spacecraft thermal protection systems, gas-phase silicone rubber’s ablation resistance and thermal insulation are vital. During re-entry, returning satellites face surface temperatures exceeding 2000℃; gas-phase silicone rubber, reinforced with ceramifying fillers (e.g., zirconium silicate), forms a dense ceramic layer at high temperatures, limiting backside temperatures to below 300℃ and protecting internal instruments from thermal damage. Its low thermal conductivity (< 0.2 W/m·K) also reduces heat transfer, and when combined with carbon fiber composites, it reduces thermal protection system weight by 30%, enhancing spacecraft payload capacity.

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